Assessments - 2, GPA: 3.5
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Below are descriptions of typical cutting procedure to be adopted for specific situations. However, these should be assessed each time to calculate whether the method is most suitable or not, in order to use a method with the least possible risk. Trunk on the ground. (Risk of touching the ground with the chain once the bar has passed trough the trunk). (fig.5) Cut from top to bottom through the whole trunk. Towards the end of the cut, proceed very carefully to prevent the chain from hitting the ground. If it is possible, cut 2/3 of the trunk, roll it over, and cut the remaining third from top to bottom to limit the risk of the chain touching the ground. Trunk supported at one end only (Risk of trunk breaking during cutting action). (fig.6) Begin the cut from underneath for about 1/3 of the diameter, and then finish the cutting action from the top to meet the undercut. Trunk supported at both ends. (Risk of pinching the chain). (fig.7) Begin the cut from above for about 1/3 of the diameter, and then continue from underneath to meet the overcut. Tree felling. ATTENTION! : Never attempt to fell a tree if you do not have the necessary experience, and in any case never fell trees that have trunks with a diameter larger than the length of the bar ! This operation is reserved for expert machine users with adequate equipment. When felling a tree, the aim is to have the tree fall in the most convenient position for the following limbing and bucking operations. (Avoid trees falling on top of other trees: Felling trees that are entangled with other trees is a very dangerous operation). First of all decide which is the best direction for the tree to fall by evaluating the following: objects or other plants around the tree, the inclination, the curve, wind direction, and greatest branch concentration. Take into account dead or broken branches that may break off during felling creating a further danger risk. ATTENTION! During tree felling operations in critical conditions, always remove ear protection immediately after cutting operations to be able to listen for unusual noises and any warning signals. Preliminary cutting operations and identifying the retreat path. Eliminate any branches that interfere with the job (fig.8), starting from top to bottom, and then, always keeping the trunk between the user and the machine eliminate the more difficult branches afterwards, piece by piece. Eliminate all plants that interfere with work operations and control the area for possible obstacles (rocks, roots, ditches,etc.) when planning the retreat path (to follow during tree fall); Refer to the illustration (fig.9) for the directions to be maintained (A. predicted tree fall direction. B. Retreat path. C. Danger zone). FELLING CUTS (fig.10) In order to ensure that the user has complete control over the tree fall, the cutting instructions are as follows: The cut that controls the fall direction of the tree is to be executed first: First of all cut the UPPER PART of the directional notch on the side the tree must fall. Remain on the right hand side of the tree and cut using the chain pull method; then cut the LOWER PART that must meet the end of the upper part. The depth of the directional notch must be . of the trunk diameter, with an angle of at least 45° between upper ENGLISH – 9 and lower cut. The meeting point between the two sides of the notch is called “directional cut line” This line must be perfectly horizontal at right angles (90°) to the felling direction. The felling cut that provokes the tree fall, is performed at 3 to 5 cm above the lower part of the directional felling cut line, finishing at a distance of 1/10 of the trunk from the no...
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