Assessments - 3, GPA: 4
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Do not heat liquids in microwave oven without stirring before heating. Cup of liquid To warm Beverage, 1 cup, 8 oz. (250 ml) 2 cups, 16 oz. (500 ml) P7 (MED-HIGH) 11/2 - 2 21/2 - 3 To roast Nuts, 11/2 cups (375 ml) P10 (HIGH) 3 - 4 Spread nuts into a 9-inch (23 cm) microwave safe pie plate. Stir occasionally. To toast Sesame Seeds, 1/4 cup (60 ml) P10 (HIGH) 2 - 21/2 Place in a small microwave safe bowl. Stir twice. To skin Tomatoes, (one at a time) P10 (HIGH) 30 sec. Place tomato into a microwave safe bowl containing boiling water. Rinse and peel. Repeat for each tomato. To remove Cooking Odors, P10 (HIGH) 5 Combine 1 to 11/2 cups (250 - 375 ml) water with the juice and peel of one lemon in a 2 quart microwave safe bowl. After water finishes boiling, wipe interior of oven with a cloth. 22 Food Characteristics Cooking Techniques Bone and Fat Both bone and fat affect cooking. Bones may cause irregular cooking. Meat next to the tips of bones may overcook while meat positioned under a large bone, such as a ham bone, may be under- cooked. Large amounts of fat absorb microwave energy and the meat next to these areas may overcook. Density Porous, airy foods such as breads, cakes or rolls take less time to cook than heavy, dense foods such as potatoes and roasts. When reheating donuts or other foods with different centers be very careful. Certain foods have centers made with sugar, water, or fat and these centers attract microwaves (For example, jelly donuts). When a jelly donut is heated, the jelly can become extremely hot while the exterior remains warm to the touch. This could result in a burn if the food is not allowed to cool properly in the center. Quantity Two potatoes take longer to cook than one potato. As the quantity of the food decreases so does the cooking time. Overcooking will cause the moisture content in the food to decrease and a fire could result. Never leave microwave unattended while in use. Shape Uniform sizes heat more evenly. The thin end of a drumstick will cook more quickly than the meaty end. To compensate for irregular shapes, place thin parts toward the center of the dish and thick pieces toward the edge. Size Thin pieces cook more quickly than thick pieces. Starting Temperature Foods that are at room temperature take less time to cook than if they are chilled, refrigerated, or frozen. Piercing Foods with skins or membranes must be pierced scored or have a strip of skin peeled before cooking to allow steam to escape. Pierce clams, oysters, chicken livers, whole potatoes and whole vegetables. Whole apples or new potatoes should have a 1-inch strip of skin peeled before cooking. Score sausages and frankfurters. Do not Cook/Reheat whole eggs with or without the shell. Steam build up in whole eggs may cause them to explode, and possibly damage the oven or cause injury. Reheating SLICED hard-boiled eggs and cooking SCRAMBLED eggs is safe. Browning Foods will not have the same brown appearance as conventionally cooked foods or those foods which are cooked utilizing a browning feature. Meats and poultry may be coated with browning sauce, Worcestershire sauce, barbecue sauce or shake-on browning sauce. To use, combine browning sauce with melted butter or margarine and brush on before cooking. For quick breads or muffins, brown sugar can be used in the recipe in place of granulated sugar, or the surface can be sprinkled with dark spices before baking. Spacing Individual foods, such as baked potatoes, cupcakes and appetizers, will cook more evenly if placed in the oven equal distances apart. When possible, arrange foods in a circular pattern. 23 Cooking Techniques (continued) Covering As with conventional cooking, moisture evaporates during microwave cooking. Casserole lids or plastic wrap are used for a tighter seal. When using plastic wrap, vent the plastic wrap by folding back part of the plastic wrap from the edge of the dish to allow steam to escape. Loosen or remove plastic wrap as recipe directs for stand time. When removing plastic wrap covers, as well as any glass lids, be careful to remove them away from you to avoid steam burns. Various degrees of moisture retention are also obtained by using wax paper or paper towels. Shielding Thin areas of meat and poultry cook more quickly than meaty portions. To prevent overcooking, these thin areas can be shielded with strips of aluminum foil. Wooden toothpicks may be used to hold the foil in place. CAUTION is to be exercised when using foil. Arcing can occur if foil is too close to oven wall or door and damage to your oven will result. Cooking time A range of cooking time is given in each recipe. The time range compensates for the uncontrollable differences in food shapes, starting temperature, and regional preferences. Always cook food for the minimum cooking time given in a recipe and check for doneness. If the food is undercooked, continue cooking. It is easier to add time to an undercooked product. Once the food is overcooked, nothing can b...