Assessments - 2, GPA: 3.5
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The DMA provides a dedicated channel for adapter cards to bypass the microprocessor and access memory directly. If two or more devices use the same DMA, the data required by one device overwrites the data required by the other, causing a hardware conflict. If Something Goes Wrong 188 Resolving a hardware conflict Plug and Play With Plug and Play and the operating system, avoiding hardware conflicts is easy. Plug and Play is a computer standard that helps the system BIOS (basic input/output system) and the operating system to automatically assign system resources to Plug and Play-compliant devices. In theory, if every device connected to the computer is Plug and Play-compliant, no two devices will compete for the same system resources. Plug in the device and turn on your computer. The operating system is automatically set up to accommodate the new device. If you install an older (legacy) device that the operating system cannot recognize, the operating system may have difficulty assigning resources to it. As a result, a hardware conflict can occur. Resolving conflicts There are several things you can do to resolve hardware conflicts: . Get the most recent drivers from the manufacturer. . Disable the device. For an older device, remove it from the computer. . Disable another system component and use its resources for the new device. See “Fixing a problem with Device Manager” on page 189. . Reconfigure the device so that its requirements do not conflict. Refer to the device’s documentation for instructions about changing settings on the device. If Something Goes Wrong 189 Resolving a hardware conflict Fixing a problem with Device Manager Device Manager provides a way to check and change the configuration of a device. Changing the default settings using Device Manager can cause other conflicts that make one or more devices unusable. Device Manager is a configuration tool for advanced users who understand configuration parameters and the ramifications of changing them. Disabling a device 1 Click Start, Control Panel, then click Performance and Maintenance. 2 Click the Administrative Tools icon. 3 Double-click Computer Management, then click Device Manager. 4 Select the specific device from the device category. To expand a device category, double-click the category. 5 In the toolbar, look to the far right for an icon of a monitor with a strike mark through a circle on the front. This is the disable feature. 6 Click the icon. You are given the option of disabling the device. 7 Click Yes to disable the device or No to cancel. Checking device properties Device Manager provides a way to view the properties of a device. Properties include the name of the manufacturer, the type of device, the drivers installed, and the system resources assigned to the device. If Something Goes Wrong 190 Resolving a hardware conflict To check a device’s properties: 1 Click Start, Control Panel, then click Performance and Maintenance. 2 Click the Administrative Tools icon. 3 Double-click Computer Management, then click Device Manager. 4 To view the device(s) installed, double-click the device type. 5 To view the properties, double-click the device. The operating system displays the Device Properties dialog box, which provides an array of tabs. They may include: . The General tab, which provides basic information about the device. . The Resource tab, which lists resources assigned to the monitor, optional external optical drive, optional external diskette drive, and other power-using functions. This tab does not appear if the device is not using resources. . The Driver tab, which displays the drivers being used by the device. The tabs that appear in the dialog box vary from one device to another. A Troubleshooting button is also present. 6 Click Troubleshoot... A Help and Support window for that device appears. For more information about Device Manager, refer to Windows® XP online help. If Something Goes Wrong 191 Resolving a hardware conflict Memory problems Incorrectly connected or faulty memory modules may cause errors that seem to be device-related. It is worthwhile checking for these first: 1 Click Start, Turn off computer. 2 Click Turn Off. The operating system shuts down and turns off the computer automatically. 3 Remove the memory module, following the instructions in “Removing a memory module” on page 58. 4 Reinstall the memory module, following the instructions in “Installing a memory module” on page 52, and making sure the module is seated properly. 5 Check for the error again. 6 If the error recurs, remove the memory module entirely and check for the error again. If removing the memory module eliminates the error, the memory module may be faulty. If the error recurs without the memory module installed, the error is not caused by the memory module. TECHNICAL NOTE: You must have at least one memory module installed for the computer to work. Power and the batteries Your computer receives its power through the AC adaptor and power ...
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