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read-only — Data and/or files you can view but cannot
SDRAM — synchronous dynamic random-access memory
edit or delete. A file can have read-only status if:
— A type of DRAM that is synchronized with the optimal
• It resides on a physically write-protected floppy disk,
clock speed of the processor.
CD, or DVD.
serial connector — An I/O port often used to connect
• It is located on a network in a directory and the
devices such as a handheld digital device or digital camera
system administrator has assigned rights only to
to your computer.
specific individuals.
Service Tag — A bar code label on your computer that
refresh rate — The frequency, measured in Hz, at which
identifies your computer when you access Dell Support at
your screen's horizontal lines are recharged (sometimes
support.dell.com or when you call Dell for customer
also referred to as its vertical frequency). The higher the
service or technical support.
refresh rate, the less video flicker can be seen by the
setup program — A program that is used to install and
human eye.
configure hardware and software. The setup.exe or
resolution — The sharpness and clarity of an image
install.exe program comes with most Windows software
produced by a printer or displayed on a monitor. The
packages. Setup program differs from system setup.
higher the resolution, the sharper the image.
shortcut — An icon that provides quick access to
RFI — radio frequency interference — Interference that
frequently used programs, files, folders, and drives. When
is generated at typical radio frequencies, in the range of
you place a shortcut on your Windows desktop and
10 kHz to 100,000 MHz. Radio frequencies are at the
double-click the icon, you can open its corresponding
lower end of the electromagnetic frequency spectrum and
folder or file without having to find it first. Shortcut icons
are more likely to have interference than the higher
do not change the location of files. If you delete a
frequency radiations, such as infrared and light.
shortcut, the original file is not affected. Also, you can
ROM — read-only memory — Memory that stores data
rename a shortcut icon.
and programs that cannot be deleted or written to by the
shutdown — The process of closing windows and exiting
computer. ROM, unlike RAM, retains its contents after
programs, exiting the operating system, and turning off
you shut down your computer. Some programs essential to
your computer. You can lose data if you turn off your
the operation of your computer reside in ROM.
computer before completing a shutdown.
RPM — revolutions per minute — The number of
smart card — A card that is embedded with a processor
rotations that occur per minute. Hard drive speed is often
and a memory chip. Smart cards can be used to
measured in rpm.
authenticate a user on computers equipped for smart
RTC — real time clock — Battery-powered clock on the
cards.
system board that keeps the date and time after you shut
software — Anything that can be stored electronically,
down the computer.
such as computer files or programs.
RTCRST — real-time clock reset — A jumper on the
S/PDIF — Sony/Philips Digital Interface — An audio
system board of some computers that can often be used
transfer file format that allows the transfer of audio from
for troubleshooting problems.
one file to another without converting it to and from an
analog format, which could degrade the quality of the file.
S
standby mode — A power management mode that shuts
down all unnecessary computer operations to save energy.
ScanDisk — A Microsoft utility that checks files, folders,
Strike Zone™ — Reinforced area of the platform base
and the hard disk’s surface for errors. ScanDisk often runs
that protects the hard drive by acting as a dampening
when you restart the computer after it has stopped
device when a computer experiences resonating shock or
responding.
is dropped (whether the computer is on or off).
134
Glossary
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