Assessments - 2, GPA: 4
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refer to the chart in figure 22 help choosing the correct spindle speed. note that both the diameter of the workpiece and the type of cutting determines the spindle speed. Diameter of Work- piece Roughing RPM General cutting RPM finishing RPM Under 2" 1520 3000 3000 2–4" 760 1600 2480 4–6" 510 1080 1650 6–8" 380 810 1240 8–10" 300 650 1000 10–12" 255 540 830 12–14" 220 460 710 14–16" 190 400 620 figure 22. model g0694 typical spindle speed recommendations. To change speed ranges: 1. disConneCt Lathe From poWer! 2. remove the threaded knob and open the upper belt access panel, as shown in figure 23. figure 23. Belt access panel removed. -25 model g0694 (mfg. since 1/09) 3. open the cabinet door, loosen the lock lever, pull up on the height lever to raise the motor to the highest position, then re-tighten the lock lever to secure the motor in place (figure 24). figure 24. motor lock and height levers. height Lever Lock Lever 4. position the belt on the motor and spindle pulleys for the correct speed range. 5. Loosen the lock lever and allow the motor weight to tension the belt. there should be almost no belt looseness or belt deflection. Note: If the motor does not hang freely against the belt, you may have to manually push the height lever to tension the belt. 6. tighten the lock lever. 7. Close the belt access panel and cabinet door. Indexing indexing on a lathe is typically used for workpiece layout and other auxiliary operations that require equal distances around the workpiece circumference, such as clock faces or inlays. By applying the spindle lock into one of the 24 holes in the spindle, the workpiece can be positioned to one of 24 equal points that are 15° degrees apart. For special sequencing of positions, each spindle position has its own number, which can be viewed through the viewing window, as shown in figure 25, on the outboard side of the headstock. figure 25. spindle lock lever and viewing window. numbered holes shown through Viewing Window. spindle Lock NOTICE Always disconnect the lathe from power before using the spindle lock feature. Never resume turning operations without making sure that the spindle lock is disengaged and the spindle turns freely by hand. Otherwise machine damage could result. -26 model g0694 (mfg. since 1/09) Selecting Turning Tools Lathe tools come in a variety of shapes and sizes, and usually fall into five major categories. • Gouges—mainly used for rough cutting, detail cutting, and cove profiles. the rough gouge is a hollow, double-ground tool with a round nose, and the detail gouge is a hollow, double-ground tool with either a round or pointed nose. figure 26. example of a gouge. •Skew chisel—a very versatile tool that can be used for planing, squaring, V-cutting, beading, and parting off. the skew chisel is flat, double-ground with one side higher than the other (usually at an angle of 20°–40°). figure 27. example of a skew chisel. • Scrapers—typically used where access for other tools is limited, such as hollowing operations. this is a flat, double-ground tool that comes in a variety of profiles (round nose, spear point, square nose, etc.) to match many different contours. figure 28. example of a round nose scraper. •Parting Tools—Used for sizing and cut- ting off work. this is a flat tool with a sharp pointed nose that may be single- or double- ground. figure 29. example of a parting tool. •Specialty Tools—these are the unique, special function tools to aid in hollowing, bowl making, cutting profiles, etc. the swan neck hollowing tool shown on Page 34 is a good example of a speciality tool. -27 model g0694 (mfg. since 1/09) Spindle Turning spindle turning is the operation performed when a workpiece is mounted between the headstock and the tailstock (see figure 30 for an example). figure 30. typical spindle turning operation. Damage to your eyes and lungs could result from using this machine without proper protective gear. Always wear a face shield and respirator when operating this machine. NOTICE Always disconnect the lathe from power before using the spindle lock feature. Never resume turning operations without making sure that the spindle lock is disengaged and the spindle turns freely by hand. Otherwise machine damage could result. Setting Up for Spindle Turning 1. Find the center point of both ends of your workpiece by drawing diagonal lines from corner to corner across the end of the workpiece (figure 31). Workpiece Workpiece Center Pencil Lines Marked Diagonally Across Corners figure 31. Workpiece marked diagonally from corner to corner to determine the center. 2. Using a wood mallet and spur center, tap a center mark into both ends of the workpiece. 3. Using a 1.4" drill bit, drill a 1.4" deep hole at the center mark on the end of the workpiece to be mounted on the headstock spur center. 4. to help embed the spur center into the workpiece, cut 1.8" deep saw kerfs in the same end of the workpiece along the diagonal lines marked in Step 1. Note: If your w...