Assessments - 1, GPA: 5
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The control is still energized as long as the power switch is on. NOTE: To lock the spindle or to utilize the indexing feature, pull the spindle lock pin (A) Fig. 25 out and rotate the pin clockwise. Re-engage it in the pulley holes (B) Fig. 25, some of which are shown. The spindle pulley has 24 holes accurately spaced around the rim of the pulley. This feature makes it possible to make evenly spaced divisions on turnings which could be fluted, grooved, or to mark places to be drilled. CHANGING ACCELERATION/DECELERATION C A Fig. 22 B D C AFig. 23 B Fig. 24 Fig. 25 B A To change the acceleration/deceleration rate, loosen the screw (A) Fig. 25A and open the door. This machine has two different start-up speeds. For larger workpieces, move the switch (A) Fig. 25 B to the “up” position. For smaller workpieces, move the switch to the “down” position. Fig. 25A Fig. 25B A A B 12 OPERATION The following directions will give the inexperienced operator a beginning point for common lathe operations. Practice on scrap material before attempting serious work. LATHE TOOLS Standard wood turning tools come in several different configurations (Fig. 26). The majority of turnings will require the gouge tool (A) Fig. 26. This round nosed hollow chisel is used for roughing cuts, cove cuts and other operations. The skew chisel (B) is a double-ground flat chisel, with an angled end. This tool is used for smoothing cylinders, for cutting shoulders, beads, veegrooves, etc. The parting tool (C) is a double-ground chisel, used for cutting-off, or for making straight incisions or sizing cuts to any required diameter. The round nose scraper (D) is used for mostly hollowing work, while the square-end scraper is mainly used for the outside of bowls. Fig. 26 A B D ACE HOW TO TURN SPINDLES Working with any material that is attached to the lathe centers is called a spindle turning. This is the principal type of wood turning (chair and table legs, lamp stems, etc.) The turning of spindles can be done with either a scraping or cutting technique. The cutting technique, by virtue of faster wood removal and a cleaner surface, is the preferred method. Fig. 27 CENTERING THE WORK Wood stock for any spindle turning should be approximately square, and the ends should be square with the sides. Two common methods of determining the center are shown in Figs. 27 and 28. In Fig. 27, a distance a little more or a little less than one-half the width of the stock is set off from each of the four sides. The small square set off in the center can then be used in marking the true center. The diagonal method, Fig. 28, consists of drawing lines from corner to corner, with the intersection marking the center of the work. Fig. 28 13 After marking each end, mark the true center with a punch awl or dividers (Fig. 29). If the stock is hardwood, the centers should be drilled to a depth of about 1/8”. The spur or live center is then placed against one end of the work and seated by striking with a mallet (Fig. 30). In hardwood, make a starting seat for the spur center by sawing on the diagonal lines, and drilling a small hole at the intersection. After driving the center, hold the center and the work together and fit both immediately to headstock spindle. If you are not using a ball bearing center, the end of work at tailstock center should be oiled. Place the lubricant on the wood either before or after it is put on the lathe. Many turners use beeswax, tallow, or a wax-and-oil mixture as a lubricant. A ball bearing center is ideal because it eliminates lubricating. If the work is to be removed from the lathe before completion, an index mark should be made as a guide for re-centering (Fig. 31). A permanent indexer can be made by grinding off one corner of one of the spurs. MOUNTING THE WORK Mount the work by moving the tailstock to a position about 1” or 1-1/2” from the end of the workpiece, and locking it in this position. Advance the tailstock center by turning the feed handle until the center cup makes contact with the work. Do not support the work on the center pin alone. Always have the rim of the center cup imbedded at least 1/8” into the work. Continue to advance the center while slowly rotating the work by hand. After it becomes difficult to turn the work, slack off on the feed about one-quarter turn and lock the tail- stock spindle. Fig. 29 Fig. 30 Fig. 31 TOOL REST POSITION Mount the tool rest in place about 1/8” away from the work and 1/8” above the work centerline (Fig. 32.) This position may be varied to suit the work and the operator. Place a guide mark on the tool rest shank as an aid to quick and accurate resetting. Fig. 32 14 ROUGHING A CYLINDER The large gouge is used in the first turning operation by smoothing the sharp corners of the work. Run the lathe at low speed and hold the gouge in the manner shown in Fig. 33 The cut starts about 2 inches from the tailstock end and continues from this point to the end of the tail- stock. Make the second pass begi...
Este manual também é adequado para os modelos :Máquinas - 46-756 (1.2 mb)