Assessments - 2, GPA: 3
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2 ©2004, 2005 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services 6045 Cochran Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 440.498.2564 Table of Contents Section 1: General Information................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Description................................................................................................... 1-1 1.3 Specifications............................................................................................... 1-2 1.4 Battery Replacement ................................................................................... 1-2 Section 2: Operation.................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 General Instructions..................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Oscilloscope Output..................................................................................... 2-2 i (Blank Page) General Information Introduction Section 1 General Information 1.1 Introduction The Model 07-453 Digital Pulse Counter measures exposure time for a wide variety of x-ray generators. For half-wave x-rays such as dental machines, the instrument is always used in Pulse mode. The instrument will display the number of pulses. For DC or 3-phase x-rays, the 07-453 is always used in Millisec mode. After an exposure, the instrument will indicate the exposure time in milliseconds. For full- wave x-rays, the operator may need to try both modes. For most full-wave x-rays, especially at low power settings, the 07-453 should be used in Pulse mode. The unit will indicate the number of x-ray pulses. Many full-wave x-ray waveforms have a DC component. In other words, the x-ray output does not drop to zero between pulses. When this occurs, the 07-453 will read 1(one) when used in Pulse mode. The output of a DC x-ray is actually one pulse, so the instrument is reading correctly. To measure the exposure time, simply switch the instrument to Millisec and the instrument will time the x-ray in milliseconds. NOTE It is important that the user be thoroughly familiar with the contents of this manual before performing any tests on radiation-generating equipment. It is also imperative that the user be thoroughly qualified, and familiar with safety precautions and other practices relating to radiation generators. 1.2 Description The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer is used to measure the duration of radiation output produced by x- ray generators. This solid-state, digital instrument is designed specifically to aid service personnel in assessing the performance of radiation generator timing controls. The instrument is a noninvasive instrument, which samples the radiation beam of x-rays. The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer can be used as follows: 1. To count the number of x-ray pulses produced by half-wave and full-wave rectified machines; typically 60 pulses per second for half-wave rectified machines or 120 pulses per second for full- wave. Dental x-ray machines are typically half-wave rectified. 2. To measure the length of radiation output when the x-ray output is steady-state such that “pulsing” does not exist. X-rays that generate steady outputs include 3-phase AC medical x-ray machines, capacitor discharge x-ray machines and DC operated x-rays. 3. To measure the “on time” or relay contact closure time by counting the number of pulses of AC line voltage (65 to 130 VAC) via the front panel input jacks and test leads. The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer replaces not only mechanical impulse counters, but also other electronic counters. Its small hand-held size allows it to conveniently fit in a small tool box/jacket pocket. There is no “Reset” button. The Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer automatically resets at the beginning of each exposure, holding the reading until the next exposure. Nuclear Associates 07-453 Operators Manual The most convenient way of using the Digital X-Ray Pulse Counter/Timer is to place it directly under the x-ray head. Step back, take the exposure and then read the exposure time in pulses or milliseconds. An optional remote sensor is also available to allow use of the instrument at distances of up to 12 ft away from the x-ray. 1.3 Specifications Accuracy AC Input: +/- 1 count DC Input: 2% or +/- 1 count X-ray Detection: +/- 1 count Sensitivity AC Input: 65 VAC minimum X-ray Input: 50 kVp, 5 mA at 2.0 in from top surface of case, pointed to target on case Range 9999 pulses 9999 milliseconds Display 0.4 in liquid crystal Power 9 V battery; alkaline or equivalent Battery Life 24 hours continuous; typically 6 months of normal use ...
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