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CIE (Commission International de I'Eclairage) The International Commission on Illumination, the primary international organization concerned with color and color measurement. Color temperature A measurement of the color of light radiated by an object while it is being heated. This measurement is express in terms of absolute scale, (degrees Kelvin). Lower Kelvin temperatures such as 2400° K are red; higher temperatures such as 9300° K are blue. Neutral temperature is white, at 6504° K. Philips monitors generally offers 9300° K, 6500° K, and user define. Contrast The luminance variation between light and dark areas in an image. Contrast ratio The ratio of luminance between the brightest white pattern and the darkest black pattern. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE D D-SUB A VGA Analog input connector. Your monitor comes with a D-Sub cable. Digital Visual Interface (DVI) The Digital Visual Interface (DVI) specification provides a high-speed digital connection for visual data types that is display technology independent. The interface is primarily focused at providing a connection between a computer and its display device. The DVI specification meets the needs of all segments of the PC industry (workstation, desktop, laptop, etc.) and will enable these different segments to unite around one monitor interface specification. The DVI interface enables: 1. Reduce signal loss and video noise in signal due to less signal conversion. 2. Independent from display technology, and can be used on LCD, Plasma, LCOS, etc. 3. Plug and play through hot plug detection, EDID and DDC2B. 4. Digital and Analog support in a single connector (DVI-I only). RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE E Energy Star Computers Program An energy conservation program launched by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), promotes the manufacture and marketing of energy-efficient office automation equipment. Companies joining this program, must be willing to commit themselves to manufacture one or more products capable of going into a low -power state (< 30 W) either after a period of inactivity, or after a predetermined time selected by the user. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE G Gamma Screen luminance as a function of video voltage approximately follows a mathematical power function of the input video signal, the exponent of which is called gamma. Grayscale An achromatic scale ranging from black through a series of successively lighter grays to white. Such a series may be made up of steps, which appear to be equally distant from one another. If the Analog/ Digital converter is 8 bit, then the monitor can display at most 28 = 256 levels. For a color monitor, R.G.B. each color hads 256 levels. Thus, total color can display is 256x256x256= 16.7 million. H Hue The main attribute of a color that distinguishes it from other colors. For example, a color may have a green, yellow, or purple hue. Color defined as having hue are know as chromatic colors. White, black, and grays possess no hue. I IPS (In Plane Switching) A technique of improving the viewing angle of an LCD where the liquid crystal molecules are switched in the plane of the LCD layer rather than vertical to it. L LCD (liquid crystal display) A display composed of liquid crystal suspended between two transparent sheets. The display is composed thousands of pixels which can be turned on or off with electrical stimulation. Thus, colorful images/texts can be generated. Liquid crystal The compound found in liquid crystal displays. Liquid crystal reacts predictably when electrically stimulated. This makes it the ideal compound to turn LCD pixels "on" or "off." Liquid crystal is sometimes abbreviated as LC. Luminance A measure of the brightness or luminous intensity of light, usually expressed in units of Candelas per square meter (cd/m2) or foot Lamberts. 1 fL=3.426 cd/m2. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE N Nit A unit of luminance equal to 1 cd/m2 or 0.292 ftL. P Pixel PICture Element; the smallest element on a computerized CRT or LCD image, and hence a display. Polarizer A light filter which only allows light waves of a certain rotation through. Polarized material with perpendicular filtering is used in LCDs to enclose the liquid crystal. The liquid crystal is then used as the medium which twists the light waves 90° in order to allow the light to pass through or not. R Refresh rate The number of times per second the screen is refreshed or redrawn. This number is usually stated in Hz (Hertz) or cycles per second. A rate of 60 Hz is equal to 60 tomes per second. S sRGB sRGB is a standard for ensuring correct exchange of colors between different devices (e.g. digital cameras, monitors, printers, scanners, etc.) Using a standard unified color space, sRGB will help represent pictures taken by an sRGB compatible device correctly on your sRGB enabled Philips monitors. In that way, the colors are calibrated and you can rely on the correctness of the colors shown on your screen. Important with the use of sRGB is that the brightness an...
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